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Effect of Dopamine on Hypoxic-Hypercapnic Interaction in Humans

Received from the Department of Anesthesiology, University of California, Los Angeles, School of Medicine, Los Angeles, California. Address correspondence to Dr. Ward, Department of Anesthesiology, Center for the Health Sciences, UCLA School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA 90024.

Abstract

To investigate the effect of intravenous dopamine on the chemical regulation of ventilation, we studied the ventilatory responses to hypercapnic hypoxia during dopamine infusion. Intravenous dopamine (3 µgkg^–1min^–1) was administered to six healthy human subjects. Two hypoxic challenges (PETo₂ = 52.5 ± 2.5 mm Hg, Sao₂ = 88.8 ± 2.2%; mean ± SD) were administered at three CO₂ levels (PETco₂ = 40.8 ± 0.5, 45.6 ± 0.2, 49.8 ± 0.3 mm Hg) to each subject. The ventilatory responses were quantified by calculation of slopes and intercepts of the relationship between minute exhaled ventilation (E) and arterial hemoglobin saturation (Sao₂), and by the relationship between this slope (E/Sao₂) and carbon dioxide tension. Dopamine caused a 77% reduction in /Sao₂ (hypoxic sensitivity) during eucapnia, a 39.5% reduction in hypoxic sensitivity at PETco₂ = 46 mm Hg, and 38% reduction at PETco₂ = 50 mm Hg (P<0.05). Dopamine also reduced normoxic ventilation at all carbon dioxide levels. There was a greater depression in VE during hypercapnia (25.7% reduction) than during eucapnia (12% reduction). This indicates that dopamine depresses the normoxic ventilatory response to carbon dioxide. Intravenous dopamine reduces the ventilatory response to both hypoxia and hypercapnia but preserves the augmentation of hypoxic ventilatory drive by hypercapnia.

Key Words: VENTILATION—dopamine. • SYMPATHETIC NERVOUS SYSTEM—dopamine. • HYPOXIA—dopamine and ventilation.

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Anesthesia & Analgesia® is published for the International Anesthesia Research Society® by Lippincott Williams & Wilkins with the assistance of Stanford University Libraries' HighWire Press®. Copyright 2006 by the International Anesthesia Research Society. Online ISSN: 1526-7598   Print ISSN: 0003-2999