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Anesth Analg 1988; 67:1154-1158
© 1988 International Anesthesia Research Society
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Pharmacokinetics of Lidocaine in Nonpregnant and Pregnant Ewes

Alan C. Santos, MD, Hilda Pedersen, MD, Hisayo O. Morishima, MD, PhD, Mieczyslaw Finster, MD, G. Richard Arthur, PhD, and Benjamin G. Covino, PhD, MD

The Departments of Anesthesiology, Obstetrics and Gynecology, College of Physicians and Surgeons of Columbia University, New York, New York, and the Department of Anesthesia, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts.

Abstract

The pharmacokinetics of lidocaine were studied in nonpregnant and pregnant ewes. The maternal femoral vessels were cannulated and, on the day of study, the urinary bladder was catheterized. Lidocaine HCl, 4–5 mg/kg, was administered by IV injection over 60 seconds. Serial samples of arterial blood and urine were collected over 4 hours, and drug concentrations were determined using a gas chromatographic technique. The volume of the central compartment was greater in pregnant than in nonpregnant ewes (1.51 ± 0.20 vs. 0.96 ± 0.16 L/kg) as was the volume of distribution at steady state (Vdss): 3.24 ± 0.40 vs. 1.88 ± 0.32 L/kg. The volume of distribution during the terminal exponential phase of drug elimination (Vdß) and total clearance of lidocaine (Cl) were also higher in pregnant animals: 4.17 ± 0.50 L/kg and 99.6 ± 8.5 mlmin–1kg–1, respectively; compared to 2.46 ± 0.48 L/kg and 44.1 ± 6.5 mlmin–kg–1, in nonpregnant ewes. However, the balance between these changes in Vdß and Cl did not result in a significant difference in the elimination half-life of lidocaine (38.1 ± 2.1 minutes in nonpregnant and 31.9 ± 3.0 minutes in pregnant ewes). If these data are applicable to humans, the risk of drug accumulation after repeated administration of lidocaine is no greater in pregnant than in nonpregnant patients.

Key Words: ANESTHETICS, LOCAL—lidocaine. • PHARMACOKINETICS—lidocaine. • PREGNANCY, PHARMACOKINETICS—lidocaine. • ANESTHESIA—obstetrical.






Lippincott, Williams & Wilkins Anesthesia & Analgesia® is published for the International Anesthesia Research Society® by Lippincott Williams & Wilkins with the assistance of Stanford University Libraries' HighWire Press®. Copyright 2006 by the International Anesthesia Research Society. Online ISSN: 1526-7598   Print ISSN: 0003-2999 HighWire Press
Copyright © 1988 by the International Anesthesia Research Society.